After more than two decades of research, a landmark moment in the fight against human African trypanosomiasis has been reached: the European Medicines Agency has issued a positive opinion for Acoziborole Winthrop, a single-dose oral treatment for T. b. gambiense – the most common form of this fatal neglected tropical disease. The new treatment achieves up to 96% success rate across both early and advanced stages, replacing burdensome multi-day regimens. Developed by DNDi and Sanofi, Swiss TPH played a key role throughout the process, from early screening and preclinical work to monitoring the pivotal Phase III trial in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. This breakthrough brings us closer to achieving the goal of eliminating sleeping sickness by 2030.